GEMMA enrolled a total of 338 families composed of a mother, father, an autistic child and a newborn.
Blood, urine, saliva and stool samples were taken from all these individuals: once from the parents and the autistic child and every 6 months from the newborns (0-6 up to 36 months) for a total of 2,747 samples.
Omic analyses were performed on these samples (genome, epigenome, intestinal microbiome and metabolome, glycome etc.). To date, intestinal microbiome and metabolome patterns have been associated with ASD onset and progression. Further bioinformatic analyses are still n progress.
In parallel, the newborns were clinically evaluated every 6 months and 60 out 338 were diagnosed with autism (17.7% incidence rate).
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